In terms of structure and bonding, explain why Hydrogen sulphide exist in gaseous state ( low boiling point) while water exist in liquid form ( high boiling point) ?

Both water and hydrogen sulphide gas have molecular structures or are molecular substances (made up of molecules) . For molecular substances, increase in molecular mass leads to increase in melting point and boiling point. Water has a molecular mass of 18g/mol and hydrogen sulphide has a molecular mass of 34g/mol , so it is expected hydrogen sulphide to have a higher boiling point than water . However, in between water molecules there exist a hydrogen bond while in between hydrogen sulphide there exist weak van der waals forces. Hydrogen bond is stronger than van der waals forces but weaker than covalent bond. Therefore, hydrogen sulphide has a low boiling point since it has weak van der waals forces which are easy to break and water has a high boiling point since it has hydrogen bond in between it’s molecules which requires a lot of energy to break.

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